Glav Pozdravfirst aid in plain words

An independent first-aid reference. It is not a substitute for in-person training and is not medical advice. In a life-threatening situation, call 112 or your local emergency number.

Sources

Sources and limits

This page explains where the reference's specific facts come from, how we select material and where the limits lie of what a text on a website can offer. We deliberately use few sources and few figures: in first aid, accuracy and caution matter more than volume. Everything that requires a skill or an assessment of a particular person we leave to an in-person course, the emergency call handler and a doctor.

A reference cannot see the injured person or guide your hands on a manikin. That is why we state honestly where the usefulness of a text ends and the work of professionals begins.

— Editor's note

How we choose sources

We take the legal basis from Russian Federal Law No. 323-FZ “On the Fundamentals of Health Protection of Citizens in the Russian Federation”: article 31 defines what first aid is and who may give it. The list of conditions and actions follows the regulations approved by Order No. 220n of the Russian Ministry of Health. These are Russian rules; emergency numbers and first-aid rules differ by country, and we do not describe other countries' laws.

Figures on adult CPR — the rate and depth of compressions and the ratio of compressions to breaths — are given only according to the 2021 European Resuscitation Council guidelines. Apart from emergency numbers and the time for cooling a burn, there are no other numbers in this reference.

We do not use retellings from social media, personal stories or unsigned instructions. If information cannot be linked to a document, we write in general terms and refer the reader to an in-person course.

Main sources

  • Federal Law No. 323-FZ (art. 31), Russia
  • Order of the Russian Ministry of Health No. 220n of 3 May 2024
  • European Resuscitation Council — Guidelines 2021

Limits of this reference

This reference is not a medical organisation, an ambulance service or a training centre. It gives no consultations, makes no diagnoses, names no medicines or doses and does not describe invasive procedures step by step.

We do not advertise courses, first-aid kits or clinics, and we do not rank them. We explain how to choose a course in general terms, without naming organisations.

The text does not teach skills. It helps you understand the general order of actions, feel less afraid and prepare for a class. In a life-threatening situation, call 112 or your local emergency number.

  • Research

    Where first-aid recommendations come from and how to check advice you found online or heard from friends.

  • Methods

    Adult CPR, the recovery position, dressings and cooling a burn, in general terms and never as a replacement for a course.

  • Home

    A first-aid reference: safety, calling an ambulance, an unresponsive person, bleeding, burns, cold and heat.

Sources

  • Federal Law No. 323-FZ (art. 31), Russia
  • Order of the Russian Ministry of Health No. 220n of 3 May 2024
  • European Resuscitation Council — Guidelines 2021

Information was checked as of the preparation date. First-aid rules and resuscitation guidelines are revised from time to time, so rely on the documents currently in force where you live and on what your in-person course instructor taught you.